Analysis of the impact factors and kinetics of the sonolytic degradation of carbaryl using ultrasonic bath
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摘要: 采用低功率槽式超声场研究氨基甲酸酯类农药甲萘威降解特性,探讨了功率、频率、温度、pH对甲萘威超声降解的影响。结果表明,50℃、0.45W/cm2、pH6.5时,28、40、50、135kHz相比较,135kHz降解率最大,100min后约有40.1%的甲萘威降解;50kHz、50℃、pH6.5下,0.45W/cm2的降解率为0.05W/cm2的4.3倍,降解速率随功率递增;50kHz、0.45W/cm2、pH6.5时,超声处理100min后,60℃下共有约45%甲萘威降解,是20℃下的10倍,降解率随温度递增;在50kHz、50℃、0.45W/cm2条件下,pH8.0的弱碱水溶液可使超声场中甲萘威降解率增加至pH6.5条件下的2.8倍。超声场中甲萘威的降解特性符合一级反应动力学规律,表观指前因子增大为非超声场中的1.4倍,表观活化能比对应非超声条件下减小9.4%。Abstract: Carbaryl, one of carbamate pesticides, in deionized water, has been studied for its degradation under the radiation of low power ultrasonic bath. Effects of power, frequency, temperature, pH on the ultrasonic degradation of carbaryl has been studied. The result showed that under the experiment condition of 50℃ 、 0.45W/cm 2 、pH6.5, the degradation rate of carbaryl in 135kHz ultrasonic bath was the highest among 28, 40, 50, 135kHz, was about 40.1% after 100min ultrasonic treatment. The degradation rate increased with power, under the experiment condition of 50kHz, 50℃ , pH6.5, the degradation rate of 0.45W/cm 2 was 4.3 times of 0.05W/cm 2 . Under the experiment condition of 50kHz, 0.45W/cm 2 , pH6.5, after ultrasonic treatment for 100min, there are nearly 45% carbaryl degradates and which is about 10 times of the degradation rate under 20℃ . Under the experiment condition of 50kHz, 50℃ , 0.45W/cm 2 , the pH8.0 weak base solution increased the carbaryl degradation rate to 2.8 times of the pH6.5 solution. It was found that the carbaryl degradation process under the ultrasonic radiation were consonant with the apparent pseudo -first -order reaction by the kinetics investigation. The apparent pre -exponential factor increased 40% compared with the original non -ultrasonic condition, the apparent activation energy decreased 9.4% compared with the original non-ultrasonic condition.
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Keywords:
- ultrasonic;carbaryl;pesticide;degradation; /
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