Determination of volatile flavor compounds in Mapo Tofu by HS-SPME and GC-MS
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摘要: 测定麻婆豆腐中挥发性风味成分,对中式菜肴风味稳定及工业化生产有重要贡献。采用顶空固相微萃取（HS-SPME）,结合气质联用技术（GC-MS）分析了实验室自制麻婆豆腐中挥发性风味成分,并对萃取头、预热时间、萃取时间、萃取温度进行了优化。确定了较佳的萃取条件:采用65μm PDMS/DVB的纤维萃取头,60℃预热30 min,萃取30 min。通过GC-MS检测,在麻婆豆腐中一共检测出挥发性风味物质共74种,主要包括烷烯烃类、醇类、醛类、脂类等化合物。含量较多的物质有:萜品油烯、左旋-beta-蒎烯、月桂烯、3-蒈烯、b-侧柏烯、（-）-柠檬烯等。研究表明,顶空固相微萃取技术及气质联用技术能很好的用来分析麻婆豆腐中的挥发性风味物质,且样品萃取条件的不同对麻婆豆腐风味成分的准确测定具有一定影响;不同种类的麻婆豆腐的在感官评鉴上也有所差异。Abstract: In order to clarify the contribution of flavor components to the Chinese styledishes, the volatile flavor compounds in Mapo Tofu was analyzed by headspace solid-phase microextraction ( HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ( GC-MS) .The extraction conditions, including SPME fibers, preheating time, extraction time, and extraction temperature were optimized as follows: 65 μm PDMS/DVB fiber, preheating time 30 min, extraction time 30 min and extraction temperature 60 ℃.A total of 74 compounds were identified by GC-MS, which included alkyl olefin, alcohol, aldehyde, lipid and so on.Among them, Terpinolene, ( 1S) - ( 1-) -beta-Pinene, Myrcene, 3-carene, b-Thujene, (-) -Limonene showed the higher content.It can be concluded that Mapo Tofu could be analyzed by SPME combined with GC-MS effectively.The sample pretreatment was also important for accurate determination of volatile flavor compounds in Mapo Tofu.There were differences in flavor between different kinds of Mapo Tofu.
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