摘要:
为了提高无水乙醇提取黑米花青素的得率,先通过单因素实验研究乙醇体积分数、提取时间、料液比、温度和提取液pH对黑米花青素提取的影响,再通过正交试验确定黑米花青素提取的最佳工艺条件。结果表明:提取液pH对黑米花青素的提取影响最大,提取时间次之。最佳提取条件是乙醇体积分数为80%,提取时间为60 min,提取温度为45℃,料液比为1:7(g:mL),提取液pH为1;采用该优化工艺,黑米首次提取液的花青素含量可达34.34 μg/mL。最佳提取次数为3次,其花青素相对总提取率达到99.29%,得率为298.23 μg/g。该优化工艺将为黑稻资源的花青素商业化开发提供技术支撑,为黑米花青素的产业化发展提供有益参考。
关键词:
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黑米
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花青素
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提取工艺
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优化
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乙醇
Abstract:
In order to improve the yield of anthocyanin of black rice by the method basing on anhydrous ethanol as solvent,its effect was investigated by comparing the yield of anthocyanin of black rice influenced on different extracting factors. Single factor experiment design was used to research the effect of ethanol volume fraction,extracting time,ratio of solid-liquid,temperature and pH of extracting solution on anthocyanin extracting of black rice. The optimum condition of anthocyanin extracting from black rice was determined by orthogonal experiment design. Results showed that extracting rate of anthocyanin of black rice was mainly influenced by extracting pH,the following being extracting time. The optimum extracting condition was as follows:Ethanol volume fraction 80% as the extracting agent,60 min of extracting time,extracting temperature at 45℃,ratio of solid-liquid at 1:7 (g:mL)and extracting pH1.0. The content of anthocyanin of black rice in extracting solution arrived at 34.34 μg/mL if using the process. The optimum extraction times was three,and having 99.29% of total extraction ratio and 298.23 μg/g of yield. The process would support commercial development of anthocyanin extracting from black rice and in favor of industrialization of anthocyanin of black rice.
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