Determination and Evaluation of Nutritional Components in Stem and Leaves of Kadsura cocinea
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摘要: 本文采用凯氏定氮法、苯酚-硫酸法、高效液相色谱法、气相色谱法、气相色谱-质谱法、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法、等离子体质谱法检测五味子科南五味子属植物黑老虎茎叶的水分、灰分、蛋白质、总糖、多糖、总氨基酸、游离氨基酸、脂肪酸、挥发性物质和矿质元素等营养成分，并进行营养评价。结果表明，黑老虎茎叶蛋白质、总糖和多糖含量较高，分别为19.74%、18.90%和4.47%；并含有17种氨基酸，且富含人体所需的7种必需氨基酸；游离氨基酸总量为2.198 mg/g，其中鲜味氨基酸占比达45.72%。脂肪酸含量丰富，其中不饱和脂肪酸占比为65.37%，且多不饱和脂肪酸占比达52.06%，单不饱和脂肪酸占比为13.31%，脂肪酸组成比例较合理。茎叶中含有的挥发性物质主要是萜烯类（64.70%）和醇类（32.63%）。矿质元素含量丰富，呈现高钾低钠的特点，且锌/铜、锌/铁比值均较为合理。本文的研究结果为药食两用植物资源黑老虎的综合开发利用提供参考。Abstract: In this paper,kjeldahl method,phenol-sulfuric acid method,high performance liquid chromatography,gas chromatography,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,plasma emission spectrometry and plasma mass spectrometry were used to determine and evaluate the nutritional components in the stem and leaves of Kadsura cocinea,including moisture,ash content,protein,total sugar,polysaccharides,total amino acids,free amino acids,fatty acids,volatile components and minerals. The results showed that the contents of protein,total sugar and polysaccharides were relatively high,at 19.74%,18.90% and 4.47%,respectively. It contained 17 kinds of amino acids,including 7 essential amino acids. The total amount of free amino acids was 2.198 mg/g,of which umami amino acids accounted for 45.72%. The content of fatty acids was rich,of which unsaturated fatty acids accounted for 65.37%,polyunsaturated fatty acids accounted for 52.06%,monounsaturated fatty acids accounted for 13.31%,and the fatty acid composition ratio was ideal. The volatile substances contained in the stem and leaves were mainly terpenes(64.70%)and alcohols(32.63%).The stem and leaves were rich in minerals,showing the characteristics of high potassium and low sodium,and the ratios of Zn/Cu and Zn/Fe were more reasonable. The results of this paper provide a reference for the comprehensive development and utilization of Kadsura cocinea.
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Keywords:
- Kadsura cocinea stem and leaves /
- nutritional components /
- determination /
- evaluation
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